Plagiarism Policy

Plagiarism is the use of another person’s ideas, words, data, images, or published/unpublished material without proper citation. This includes verbatim copying, improper paraphrasing, self-plagiarism, data or image reuse without permission, and uncredited translations.

All authors must ensure their work is original, properly cited, and that permissions are obtained for reused content. Any overlapping or previously published material must be disclosed at submission.

All submissions are checked with plagiarism-detection tools. Editors evaluate similarity in line with COPE and ICMJE standards.

Minor plagiarism (small overlaps or poor citation) may require revision.
Major plagiarism (substantial copying, data reuse, or presenting others’ work as one’s own) results in rejection, retraction, and possible notification of institutions.

When plagiarism is suspected, COPE-recommended procedures are followed: investigation, author response, and appropriate action before or after publication.

The journal is committed to maintaining ethical standards and promoting responsible writing and publication practices.